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| Backflow (plumbing) ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Backflow
Backflow is a term in plumbing for an unwanted flow of water in the reverse direction. It can be a serious health risk for the contamination of potable water supplies with foul water. In the most obvious case, a toilet flush cistern and its water supply must be isolated from the toilet bowl. For this reason, building codes mandate a series of measures and backflow prevention devices to prevent backflow.
== Causes ==
Backflow occurs for one of two reasons, either ''back pressure'' or ''back siphonage''.〔
''Back pressure'' is the result of a higher pressure in the system than in its supply, i.e. the system pressure has been ''increased'' by some means. This may occurs in unvented heating systems, where thermal expansion increases the pressure.
''Back siphonage'' is the result of supply pressure being ''lowered'' below that of the system. This may occur when a supply is interrupted or drained down.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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